|
|
| |
|
 |
 |
 |
|
Fumigation has been used
as a very effective
control from time of
immemorial it is known
that the ancient
Egyptians used mercury
vapour to supplement
other insect control
measures including the
use of inert dusts.
|
|
| |
|
•
INTRODUCTION TO FUMIGATION:
fumigation is a hazardous operation, and generally it is a legal requirement
that the operator carrying out the fumigation operation holds official
certification to perform the fumigation. Fumigation usually involves the
following phases.
First the area to
be fumigated is usually covered to create a sealed environment.
Next the fumigant
is released into the space to be fumigated.
Then, the space is
held for a set period while the fumigant gas percolates through the space
and acts on and
kills any infestation in the product.
Next the space is
ventilated so that the poisonous gases are allowed to escape from the
space, and render
it safe for humans to enter.
The correct
ventilation of the area is a critical safety aspect of fumigation. It is
important to
distinguish between
the pack or source of the fumigant gas and the environment which has
been fumigated.
While the fumigant
pack may be safe and spent, the space will still hold the fumigant gas until
it has
The Exterminators
(Private) Limited
Fumigation Division
Stack Fumigation
Container Fumigation
Ship Fumigation
Training & Competence
Fumigation Associations
Standards

|

Container fumigation will be carried out for Quarantine pests according to the
NPQS Requirements, ISPN 15 & AQIS standards.
 |

Stack fumigation will be carried out to control
storage pest on mainly dry commodities.
The types of packaging and method of stacking may effect the rate of penetration
and hence
the exposure times of the treatment, and therefore the success rate of the
fumigation.
A stack should be built at least 1 m from a wall or another stack, on pallets
and not more than 3 pallets high.
|
|
 
Ship fumigation is usually carried out on dry commodities or empty vessels & may
involve the control of
pests in vessels constructed to carry people & goods.
Exterminators Fumigaion
Division will carry out Ship
fumigation with according the international standards & requirements. |
|
Why
Exterminators
for Fumigation?
Exterminators
staff has
undergone intensive
training in all aspects of fumigation in England,
Malaysia, Australia & Singapore
Director holds
Fumigation
Diploma awarded by the
British Pest
Control Association
Accredited
Fumigators:
Methyl Bromide
Fumigation Standards for
AQIS Australia
•
Fumigation Standards:
ISPN 15 Standards
NPQS Requirements
AQIS Standards
|
 |
|
•
FUMIGANTS:
a fumigant has been
defined as a chemical,
which reacts in a
gaseous state at given
temperature & pressure
at sufficient
concentration & time to
be lethal to given pest
organism.
TYPE OF FUMIGANTS
Methly Bromide
Aluminium Phosphide
Maganisium Phosphind
Chloropicrin
Sulfuryl fluoride
Carbon Diaxide
Vikane
In Sri Lanka we use
Methyl Bromide +
Chloropicrin & Aluminum
Phosphide |
 |
|
•
Methyl Bromide
Methyl bromide was first used as a fumigant in France in 1932. Its convenience
and absence of
harmful residue lead to its wide use in the distribution of imported foodstuffs
and by 1940 it
was fully established fumigant.
Methyl bromide is the world most widely used fumigant. 70000 tonnes are
manufactured
worldwide & 95% is used for fumigation.
Methyl has been restricted to use as fumigant under the
Montréal Protocol since
it has been found has substance effecting the Ozone Layer. Exemptions are given
only for quarantine purposes.
Symptoms of Methyl
Bromide Poisoning
Headache, Dizziness,
Cough, Nausea, Loss of
apatite, Abdominal
pains, Staggering walk
|
 |
• Phosphine
Phosphine is used as fumigants since 1950s. It is mainly used fumigate dry
grain. It is low reacting fumigant, the fumigation enclosure should covered for
at least 72 hours.
Symptoms of Phosphine Poisoning
Nausea, Vomiting, Headache, Weakness, Faintness,
Pain in the chest, Cough
|
|
|
|
|